Dissatisfied with AMD laptop

My laptop has an Intel Core Duo and my wife's one has an AMDTK55 1.8 GHz with 512K cache. My wife's laptop frequently overheats and shuts down unexpectedly. It has more memory than mine (2.25 GB vs 2 GB) yet it runs slower. I can easily run multiple heavy weight applications in parallel in the Intel laptop whereas the AMD one almost crawls to a halt in a similar situation. This is my first AMD purchase. The only person I know who had an AMD is a friend who had it back when we were in school. He was not happy with his machine and neither are we with ours now. I wanted to see what others are saying and found here that indeed AMD is not a match with Intel. The only advantage it provides is the low price. But I think the price difference is more than offset by its poor performance. So I would advise everyone to research thoroughly before picking one of the brands. As this article says, we don't have to be fan of any brand because we don't get anything from them in return. We have to pick the best one for our need, regardless of the moniker it has on it.

A potential game changer medicine

This is really an exciting news for people having problems with cholesterol. And that group now includes me :-).

http://finance.yahoo.com/news/Next-big-thing-Big-apf-1591521974.html?x=0

Homosexual Saudi Prince get life sentence for murder

Here is the news. I am not surprised at all.

How two horses plotted history

I first read this in an email but found it really interesting to share with people. It is a fascinating story of how we came up with moder railroad gauge. The story has something more interesting. Click here to read the interesting piece of history.

Equinox GTK theme with Faenza icons

Recently, I came across this blog: http://www.techdrivein.com/2010/08/equinox-gtk-theme-faenza-icon-theme.html and installed the Equinox GTK theme with Faenza icon theme. It changed the look of my Gnome desktop completely and it looks awesome now. Anyone looking for a cool new theme for his Gnome can have a try.

Halal status of lamb steak at Outback Steakhouse in the U.S.

Recently, I learned from Zabihah.com's San Jose, CA page that the lamb steak served in Outback Steakhouse all over the U.S. is halal. I was long looking for a source of halal steaks and was excited to learn this. I decided to investigate more and inquired Outback Steakhouse of the halal status of their lamb steak. I got a long reply from one of their reps. I am listing the key points from the email below:

1. Outback Steakhouse lamb meat is imported from New Zealand which has received certification of Halal Accreditation from The Federation of Islamic Associations of New Zealand.

2. The grills for preparing steaks at Outback Steakhouse are used for all kinds of meats i.e. beef, chicken, pork, lamb. So, special request has to be made to prepare the lamb steak in a separate sauté pan. This special preparation will take more time than normal.

3. The lamb has to be served without Cabernet sauce.

4. The steamed vegetables has to be prepared without the "seasoned butter" which contains a bit of bacon in the seasoning.

These special requests has to be made to the Manager on duty while placing the order.

Is Wind Power Green?

http://news.discovery.com/tech/is-wind-power-green.html

I did not know wind power is so abundant and that it can solve the renewable energy issue so easily. Though densely populated countries like Bangladesh might not be able to utilize it, countries having enough land to have them installed should go ahead and start exporting if they have redundant power. It would be a nice way to get rid of dependency on fossil fuel and will eventually bring more peace to the world :-).

Good Bye Modhupur Forest

I came across this nice write-up on Modhupur Sal forest of Bangladesh. It is indeed a sad story. Is there any real patriot politician who will step forward and save this precious asset of Bangladesh? We all know the answer.

প্রথম আলো - রোহিঙ্গা অনুপ্রবেশ ঠেকানো যাচ্ছে না

প্রথম আলো - রোহিঙ্গা অনুপ্রবেশ ঠেকানো যাচ্ছে না

এই সমস্যার সমাধান কি?

Referees should be accountable

This report on Yahoo! sports sums up the frustration on the way refereeing is being done in this world cup. I think it is time to stop pampering the referees and introduce video replay to the world's most popular sport.

My Ubuntu 10.04 Desktop

Canonical has done a great job on Ubuntu 10.04. I love the theme and the start up time is really as short as they have touted. Here is my Ubuntu desktop with the default wallpaper:

How to see the developer info of Bijoy

Vrapper

Back in 2003 I had to write code in Linux for the first time in my life. For some reason I could not get the GUI running so I had to find an editor which works in text user interface. Immediately, I found the two most famous editors for Unix: Emacs and Vi. Vi seemed to be hard to grasp at that time. I did not get the idea of having two modes: the command mode and the insert mode. So I quickly decided to use Emacs which was much easier to learn. However, last summer I decided to give Vim a try. After using it for couple of days I started to like it and eventually it became my most favorite editor for coding. I was so habituated to using Vim that while working in Eclipse I subconsciously tried to use the Vim commands. Recently, I thought that given the huge number of Vim fans in the software developer community, there must be one or two projects on combining the power of Eclipse and Vim together and yes, I was right. I found several projects working on the idea:

1. VimPlugin
2. Eclim
3. Vrapper

I tried VimPlugin. You need to have gVim installed in your system to make it work. It provides a fully working Vim editor in Eclipse. However, it misses the powerful auto-completion feature and other features on the context menu of Eclipse's default editor and so I was not satisfied with it. I did not try Eclim because the main focus of that project is to run Eclipse inside Vim instead of the other way around. Then I installed Vrapper plugin and found it to be the one I was looking for. As the name suggests, it wraps the default editor to provide Vim-like functionality. The feature list it provides is still a subset of that of Vim and they are working on providing more features. However, the plugin has the basic features for which people love Vim and I think I like it too. Features like search with regular expression and search and replace are marked for future versions. But I can live without them for the time being. Those who like both Eclipse and Vim can certainly give it a try.

South Talpatti lost for good

The disputed South Talpatti is no more :-). We could never take possession of it. Thanks to nature for taking caring of it. However, the news is not funny at all. It reminded me of the bleak future of Bangladesh in the face of global warming. It is predicted that 18 percent of our coastal area will be submerged and 20 million people will be displaced. Are our political parties aware of these issues? Or are they still busy figuring out who declared the independence?

RanksTel caught for illegal VoIP

RanksTel is found guilty of doing illegal VoIP business. I thought it was already a profitable organization with its land phone business. What led them to this illegal venture? Is it the greed they could not avoid? It is good to see that BTRC is active again catching the illegal VoIP operations. Big names are also coming up. I thought their activity has ended as soon as the elected government came to power. I am eager to see what proof BNP, the opposition party, provides to support their claim of Mr. Sajib Wazed Joy being involved in this business. It will be interesting to see what government does if BNP can provide some concrete evidences.

Getting openRDF Sesame 2.3.1 installation with Tomcat 6 to work

After deploying the war files: openrdf-sesame.war and openrdf-workbench.war by Tomcat's web-admin interface, I encountered the following problem while trying to access http://localhost:8080/openrdf-sesame/:

java.security.AccessControlException: access denied (java.util.PropertyPermission info.aduna.platform.appdata.basedir read)

I found a discussion about it here. Eventually I solved the problem in the following way:

1. Create and assign the home directory "/home/tomcat6" to tomcat6 user.
2. Create the directory "/home/tomcat6/.aduna".
3. Add the property "-Dinfo.aduna.platform.appdata.basedir=/home/tomcat6/.aduna/" in JAVA_OPTS in the /etc/default/tomcat6 file.
4. Restart Tomcat.

But this did not solve the problem. Then I had to turn off the security entirely which I am sure is not the recommended way. Here is what I did:

1. Set TOMCAT6_SECURITY=no in /etc/default/tomcat6 file.
2. Restart Tomcat.

Problem solved! But in an inelegant way. Does anyone have a better solution?

N.B.: lucene-2.9.2 must be in the classpath in order to get BigOWLIM-3.2.6 working properly.

Floor mat problem sparked 2000 Toyota recall in U.K.

Toyota identified the floor mat problem back in 2000 and recalled vehicles in U.K. But it hid it from the U.S. authorities. This kind of things were least expected from Toyota for a long time but things have changed I guess.

NEPAL IN SEARCH OF LOST IDENTITY

BY: PREM RAJ

INTRODUCTION

South Asia is injured and bleeding due to the chicaneries of India using her intelligence agencies as the tools of governance within and without the frontiers of her country to make its dream of expansionism realize by grabbing the land, sucking the resources and placing its own stooges in the parliaments of neighbouring countries. Whether it's Bangladesh, Bhutan, Pakistan, Srilanka, Myanmar, Tibet or Nepal, the water resources are being ceased by India while making barrages and dams all along to turn the neighbour's land barren and this aqua bombing has since long been pounding but it is an apathy on the part of suffering countries who are keeping silent on this criminal quagmire thus making it more mournful and lugubrious. All the intelligence agencies of India, especially the "RAW" are following the philosophy of "Chankya"alias Kautilya (literal meaning 'crooked'). 'Chankya' advocates deceit, guile, hypocrisy, machination, killing and gore are nearly 2500 years old lessons adopted by 'RAW' truly following her God Father (Chankya). With a friend like you (India) who needs a foe. Indian doctrine to display friendly gesture towards any country means becoming parasite and thus making it weaker by sucking its resources. 'Chankya' teaches that to whom you want to kill, first make him a thick friend and cut his main artery when offers you his neck and then let every one know of this truth but no one would believe rather they all would become sympathetic that you have lost the senses when confessing the guilt. The inbuilt geographical weakness of Nepal has been blessed with the cactus called land locked country fully being cashed by India through her 'RAW' the RASCAL. Name anything and there one finds the impure hands of 'RAW' scratching Nepal's proud & rich civilization having its roots since time immemorial. Whether it's a parliament or drafting of constitution, eviction of monarchy or driving out Maoists from the government, according of citizenship to an unauthorized Indians or the matter of electricity, the massacre of king's family or grabbing the precious land of Nepal, every where there hangs a logo of India enameled with intrigue set by the 'RAW'. What a comic tragedy, if one asks a common citizen that who is the Prime Minister of Nepal, he would simply reply that 'Swine Sood' is the Premier of Nepal.

GREATER NEPAL

 "GREATER NEPAL" is a concept or a dream yet to be realized. The existing Nepal is not the real picture of Nepal depicting its bonafide land as that had been shrinked due to the mischief of India getting in to intrigue with some of the Nepalese leaders at the helm of an affair at that point of time when the Britishers were leaving this subcontinent. India kept folding the precious land and the leaders of Nepal kept grabbing the benefits or the bones thrown by India. This selling of their motherland is still continuing by the politicians to be purchased by India on a much lesser rate than the prostitute who sells her chastity. The book written by "Jasoosi ko Jaalo" by Saroj Adhikari" a well renowned journalist has mentioned until the time of publishing of the book, it has been revealed there are an estimated 70,000 people working in 'RAW' including 30,000 permanent secret agents, part timers and agents. Likewise, it is assumed that there are about 15,000 'RAW' agents deployed in countries including Pakistan, Bangladesh, Srilanka, Maldives, Afghanistan, Bhutan, China & Nepal. The activities of 'RAW' in all its neighbouring countries clearly expose its intention. Another famous writer Wang Khangwe Jo, a Professor of Beijing Institute of Asian Pacific Studies, has said, "Bharat wants to make Nepal a second Sikkim or Bhutan". Further he said, that the leaders of Nepal who are always complaining of foreign intervention in the country, when they get to the power, they are the ones dancing to the tunes of the foreigners in order to remain in power.

These politicians do not mind even the drifting of border pillars today when India trying to encroach the land of Nepal because making objection means loosing the seat or position in the parliament due to the prevailing hegemonic influence of India on Nepal. Where as the UNNF (United Nepal National Front) and other nationalist organizations in Nepal are demanding for the lawful return of Nepal's extended territories beyond present boundaries that were ceded by the British East India Company after the Saugauli treaty. At the public meeting organized in Ratnapark, the president of UNNF, Mr. Phanindra Nepal a flag bearer of the concept of 'Greater Nepal' demanded that the idea of 'Greater Nepal' must be included in the new constitution that is to be drafted by the Constituent Assembly in Nepal. "In the year 1960, The UN Security Council had passed a resolution against Colonization, in such a scenario India can no longer occupy Nepal's legitimate territories", Mr. Phanindra Nepal said. As per the International Laws, in the absence of the British East India Company with which the Nepal Government had signed the treaty in 1816, that automatically becomes null and void and the ceded lands must be handed over to Nepal as in no way India has any right to illegally possess the same. In addition, the clause 8 of the 1950 treaty of Peace and Friendship with India clearly advocates that "with this treaty in force, the past treaties signed by Nepal become obsolete" which mean that the territories lost by Nepal under the Saugauli treaty automatically should fall back to Nepal. But who will bell the cat as India is alien to the decent and friendly language. Will this be done by the parliamentarians to include the stance in the new constitution which looks to be impossible or by the UN Security Council to implement the resolution but who will agitate the point when annoying Bharat Mata who is sitting like a serpent in Nepal in the shape of 'RAW' and the only course left for the Nationalist Groups is to launch a public awareness to create momentum in the movement against India for the rightful cause of taking the land back from the mouth of this 'Alligator' called India.

NEPAL'S CONSTITUTION

The preparation of constitution of Nepal is still in dole drum. It is a daunting task to complete the constitution by May 28th, 2010, as it has yet to be clothed in the first draft which is long awaited. All the major parties almost get in to the rifts whenever it sets forth its direction. If the parties are sincere to give constitution to the nation then they have to change their working style while paying no heed to the Indian dictation. The tragedy is there are some who always look towards the Indian ambassador 'Rakesh Sood' to score the point rather than keeping in mind the interest of the country. They always have an idea that their blessings begin and end in Delhi. This is the vital reason of the constitution not getting in to shape. There are many challenges the constitution is facing like confrontational position amongst the political parties and the prevalent situation deprived of peace process in the country. These both forms are the outcome of Indian doctrine so to create unrest and unhealthy atmosphere for the constitution to breathe in Nepal. This must be remembered that any nation without constitution is no nation and there is always the constitution which brings people at par with the world at large and thus describe their character, justice and moral philosophies of life. There is lot to be done in context of the constitution within six months but every time obstructions being created by those who are dancing like puppets in the hands of an unseen forces primarily keeping the strings obviously lead by the "RAW" are the real culprits whiling away the precious time of this poor nation. It is rumoured that draft of Constitution of Nepal by the Constituent Assembly is a humbug as the same has already been prepared by India, if so the parliamentarians will always remain answerable to the people of Nepal who had bestowed trust on them to draft a 'New Constitution of Nepal' and not the one imported from Delhi having written on its face, 'The Constitution of Nepal, (Made in India)'.

INDIA STRETCHING LEGS IN NEPAL & TARGETING TERAI

How doleful it is that India through its illegitimate son 'RAW the Rascal' is bent upon mounting on to the back bone of Nepal called Terai region which is the precious economic belt of the country. It is continuously changing the demographic complexion of 'Terai". 'RAW' is mostly pushing the criminals and the offenders across the independent border existing between Nepal and India. These criminals are ruthlessly on behest of this very monstrous 'RAW' are involved in the heinous offences like raping women, killing innocent civilians and looting villages adjacent to the border areas, thus forcing people to flee. Since its independence in 1947, India has been settling the outlawed in the jungles and various parts of Terai especially in the border areas that have been stealing the precious wood from the jungles of Terai and then moving it to India. Now this sizeable force of Indian origin works as eyes and ears of the 'RAW' against Nepal and China to safeguard the interest of India. They are fully armed and can explode violence in Terai region as and when asked by the 'RAW'. Not only this hundreds and thousands of Indians have contracted forcible marriages with the Nepalese women, hence during the period of last Interim Government, the Indians managed to get the Citizenship Act passed, by virtue of which all those Indians related to Nepalese by marriage and their offspring, were given Nepalese Citizenship. The aim is to have Indian population ascendancy to outnumber the real Nepalese origin people to make them elect as MPs in the parliament, thus in turn to safeguard Indian interests.

But interestingly a dangerous kind of contraband item is in use called FICN (Fake Indian Currency Notes) floating mostly by the Indian agents of the' RAW' infiltrating in to Nepal. The Indian fake currency is being sent across the border for the purpose of collapsing the economy of Nepal. Not only had this in all the major sectors Indian hegemony is exposed seriously thus causing alarm in the society as well.

'RAW' has sent its agents in Nepal, in the guise of journalists who are mainly working in the Himalayan Times and also in Kantipur whereas the editorial staff belongs to India, for the purpose of propagation and justifying the India's hegemonic designs. Most of the Indian agents have got married in Nepal which provides them the natural cover for conducting subversive acts.

All the outfits and the criminals are being provided weapons in Terai by agents of the 'RAW". The main aim is to cut Terai morally, physically and isolate it from rest of Nepal. And after doing so capture it like Sikkim & Bangladesh while making hue and cry in the world that this adventurism has been done only to save the people of Terai from the aggression of Nepal's Army. Man Mohan Singh must not fall prey to 'RAW's" scheme of intelligence because these buffoons lack intelligence and so untrustworthy they are that always tries to stab their benefactors like got killed Mrs. Indira Gandhi and same way the 'RAW' wrote the fate of her son (Rajiv Gandhi) to bring him to a point where the suicide bomber was there to embrace him for death. The 'RAW' did all this massacre of Nehru family because it could not digest the popularity of this elite family who had devoted their lives in the politics of their country and more so had spent billions of rupees on up-bringing of this illegitimate spoilt son of India. But what a price they had to pay for the kind gestures displayed by the family of Nehru and the reward paid by the 'RAW' to drive them one by one to an altar to get slaughtered. So if the 'RAW' is pampering Mr. Man Mohan Singh to chop off Terai from rest of Nepal and annex it with India to mount on the back bone of Nepal may turn out to be a nightmare like Hitler who tried to go on to Ukraine to satisfy its lust for wealth. The people of Nepal will never allow this misadventure of India committing a folly on behest of 'RAW the Rascal'. India has to shed away the hypocritical style of hegemonic designs like her going in to Sri Lanka with the motive of capturing it but failed miserably, moving in to Bangladesh with the aim of making it her colony but her aim went in vain, spending billions of rupees on subversive activities of 'RAW' to disturb peace of Pakistan but since long hitting her head with a strong wall, India is leaving no stone unturned to create fuss in Tibet to stand against China and not allowing Nepal to construct 16 miles shingle road adjoining Nepal with China to form hurdles to restrict trade & commerce between the two countries.

After giving illegally the right of Citizenship to almost 80,000 Indians, having well settled on the grabbed Land of Nepal fully loaded with weapons and making Hindi as an official language would force Nepalese to hibernate in the refugee camps that too in their own country exactly on the lines of Bhutanese, hence before 'RAW' tries to inject this menace, the nation has to strike against thugs of the 'RAW" mostly working under the umbrella of 'Rubbish Swine'.

UNBECOMING OF AN AMBASSADOR

In Nepal, Rakesh Sood is popularly known as 'Rubbish Swine' who mostly displays the conduct 'Unbecoming of an Ambassador' and is mostly remembered as a miscreant, a rake and a rogue. There are so many spy net works working under-cover of diplomatic mission in Nepal but still no action has been taken against the 'RAW'. 'RAW' was responsible for the Royal massacre through its agent named 'Devyani Rana' and it was done so to destabilize the country. The same tradition is being followed by the Unbecoming of an Ambassador the one and the only 'Rubbish Swine' who in all the sectors of Nepal have planted agents of the 'RAW' to disturb peace in the country. Is there any country in the world where rules the unelected members who sit in a parliament except in Nepal and wear the caps of a Foreign Minister to the Premier, solely by the 'Rubbish Swine' having blessings of the Prime Minister Man Mohan Singh. Rubbish Swine is a 'Vulture of Fortune' who draws the luck lines on the palm of politicians for the ultimate gains of India. The impression outside the world is given as if Nepal is not a sovereign state but is one of the states of India. India through 'RAW' was the one which provided weapons to the Maoists to make the country crawl on its knees and after making her weak brought Maoists in to power, the group called as the terrorist that too none other than the India herself. And when the Maoists looked towards China to break the iron curtain of Land Locked Country and Mr. Parchanda had all the plans to visit China for the second time but was forced by Delhi through 'Rubbish Swine' to step down and that too once for all. At that point of time the extra ordinary jumping of 'Rubbish Swine' like a monkey was a worthwhile show to witness his maestro gutsy gestures of withering one elected government and shoe polishing the members on the other who had lost miserably in the elections but yet being garlanded as victorious to rule the country. Unbecoming of an Ambassador displays hateful debonair and is in a habit of summoning the parliamentarians to Indian embassy as to mark their presence in the school of faithfulness like the kindergarten students are counted in the class. But here these buffoons of parliamentarians of Nepal are baptized by the 'RAW' to do all those acts where India stands like pylon and Nepal as Pygmalion. Rakesh Sood will always be remembered like the character of a 'SHYLOCK' as in Shakespeare's drama.

Rakesh Sood is a real 'Rubbish Swine' an active agent of the 'RAW' & an Unbecoming of an Ambassador, the character of a Shylock in the history of Nepal and the one who turned Indian embassy in Nepal, in to a den of spies.

CONCLUSION

India has all along been intoxicated to drive South Asian states to concur with an idea of designing hegemony which has never hesitated to culture economic strangulation, political blackmailing and even carrying out naked aggression against the neighbouring countries. But Nepal has suffered a lot due to the treacherous tentacles spread by the 'RAW' which almost sits on the wealth of the country. Nepal's traditional pride of having to be ruled by the king was abolished due to the massacre in the palace hatched by the 'RAW" to kneel down the country for its ulterior motive. India, compelling Deputy President of Nepal to announce 'Hindi' as an official language which had met the major opposition from the public sector. Awarding citizenship of Nepal to those who were hardened criminals and were mainly settled by the 'RAW' in the border areas. Most of the land comprising of thousands of hectors area was grabbed by India. And the most hateful personality, an unbecoming of an ambassador, the persona non gratis, and the only 'RUBBISH SWINE" enjoys facilities like the ruler of Nepal.

There are so many pitfalls made by India, which have compelled Nepal to search for her lost identity and yet voicing 'Nepal as my friend'.

"I DESTROY MY ENEMIES WHEN I MAKE THEM MY FRIENDS"

Abraham Lincoln

Source: http://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/2010/01/15/nepal-in-search-of-lost-identity/

What is for the ICDDR,B ?

Mahmood Ali

In Bangladesh there are plenty of organizations which are receiving
foreign funds under the pretext of helping the poor of Bangladesh. The
International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh
(ICDDR,B), is such a big one. It is essential to examine their works
and demystify their role. Mahmood Ali attempts an exposure of the
specific case with documentary arguments. He insists that the ICDDR,B
spends money, collected in the name of poor, for purposes which have
little to do with the diarrheal problem of the people of Bangladesh.
We encourage our readers to write more on similar cases.

Deaths due to diarrhea are reported frequently in the newspapers of
Bangladesh. An editorial on this problem published in a leading daily
at the beginning of the new millennium is worth noting. It stated,
"Although we have stepped into a new century as well as a new
millennium, the scourge of diarrhea is continuing to stalk us. This
underlines the grim fact that even now all parts of the country are
yet to be in a position where safe drinking water is easily accessible
to the people. Moreover, severe financial constraints still hold back
development in many pockets of the community making a sad mockery of
health, hygiene and sanitation in this 21st century" (1).

On February 11, 2001 the same newspaper had printed a news item on the
utilization of foreign aid in Bangladesh. The title of the news item
is self-explanatory. "Where does all foreign aid go? Seventy-five
percent of donor's money looted by local, foreign elite". According to
this report, foreign aid has created long-term dependency and
criminalized the politics and economy of the country. In the light of
these developments it is important to take a critical look at those
institutions which are receiving foreign funds under the pretext of
helping the poor of Bangladesh.

While the Government of Bangladesh may not have adequate funding, the
International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh
(ICDDR,B), using the name of the poor of Bangladesh, collects millions
and millions of dollars from several countries and organizations. But
the ICDDR,B spends money for purposes, which have little to do with
the diarrheal problem of the people of Bangladesh. The situation is
analogous to the owner of a crippled person lying in a small box with
wheels underneath. The owner uses the crippled person to collect
money. But how much does it really go to the welfare of the crippled
person? The owner's livelihood would disappear in the absence of the
crippled person. The ICDDR,B is like the owner of the crippled person.
Tragically Bangladesh is being treated like the crippled person in the
box!

The ICDDR,B's background leading to its foundation:
The ICDDR,B is the continuation of the Cholera Research Laboratory
(CRL), originally established in 1960 as a result of the military
alliance between Pakistan and USA under the umbrella of the South
Asian Treaty Organization (SEATO, 2). After the independence of
Bangladesh, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the Founding Prime Minister and
later President of Bangladesh, did not grant any long-term charter as
he wanted CRL to be under national control responsive to the Ministry
of Health (3). He was assassinated in August 1975. The idea of
converting CRL to an international organization was launched in April
1976, only a few months after his assassination (4). Dr. David Sack,
the ICDDR,B�s present director, came to Bangladesh soon after the
assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. Since then he has been
associated with the "activities" of this research Centre. In 1978 the
ICDDR,B obtained a 25-year charter from the Government of Bangladesh
to operate as a research centre to work on diarrheal diseases "with
special relevance to developing countries" (Ordinance No LI of 1978
Government of Bangladesh; 6th Dec 1978). The charter was renewed
further for 25 years in 1998 and was extended up to 2029.

The ICCDR,B - a club of like-minded friends from USA and Sweden :
A "club" comprising a few scientists from USA and their friends from
Sweden basically controls the ICDDR, B. Most of the directors of the
Centre including the present one have come from this "club". Under
severe criticisms in the 1980�s, the Centre once had an Ethiopian as
the director. But he was just window dressing. He was hand picked as
he had been long associated with this "club". The ICDDR,B operates
through very careful manipulations indeed! The American scientists
inside the ICDDR,B do not represent the mainstream of bright and
talented scientists of USA who are making scientific breakthroughs.
Instead, the American scientists, currently associated with the
ICDDR,B including its director Dr. David Sack, have hardly made any
significant scientific contributions. Their purpose of staying in
Bangladesh may be for something else !

In the late 1970�s Dr. David Sack, the ICDDR,B�s present director, was
a junior member of the club controlling the ICDDR,B. He joined in
hands with a group of Swedish scientists. Dr. Jan Holmgren, with an
experience of only 6 years after the doctoral degree, was made a
member of the Board of Trustee of the ICDDR,B. Because of his
membership on the Board of Trustee of the ICDDR,B, Dr. Holmgren found
his way into the Board of SAREC, an organ of the Swedish government's
foreign aid agency. These assignments gave Dr. Holmgren a complete
insight and control over development, financing and marketing of the
products which he, wife Ann-Mari Svennerholm and Dr. David Sack had
been trying to develop at the ICDDR,B. They planned how to get rich
quick and found that one of the ways would be to develop vaccines for
soldiers and tourists from rich countries, who may require protection
for a short period of time whatever may be the cost. They would set up
companies to market products and eventually become millionaires. The
easiest way to obtain funds for the development of such products would
be to use the name of the diarrhoea suffering poor people of
Bangladesh. Money would be collected from various international donors
such as the World Health Organization (WHO), The United Nations
Children's Fund (UNICEF) and foreign aid agencies of various
governments such as USA, UK, Japan, Canada and the Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia.

Plenty of information has surfaced in the 1990�s. A profit making
business venture in Sweden called SBL-Vaccin AB has evolved out of the
ICDDR,B's active collaboration with the Swedish scientists. The
Swedish government owned SBL-Vaccin AB until 1997 when it was
purchased by a private Swedish company Active Biotech. SBL-Vaccin AB
has changed hands, its owner since 2003 being Chiron Corporation of
USA. SBL-Vaccin AB with Dr. Holmgren as a member of its scientific
council has targeted soldiers and tourists from rich countries, who
may require protection for a short period of time whatever may be the
cost. The company has made several of its key players such as Drs.
Holmgren, Svennerholm and their associates multi-millionaires. But the
money for the development of all these products were collected from
various international donors using the name of the diarrhoea suffering
"poor people" of Bangladesh. As documents reveal, the ICDDR,B's
director Dr. David Sack has been working for SBL-Vaccin AB (5).

The ICDDR,B�s activities in brief:

The ICDDR,B's ongoing research on "Peru-15": a project to develop a cholera
vaccine for the US Army:

The ICDDR,B is currently testing on Bangladeshis a Vibrio cholerae
strain entitled Peru-15, which has been developed by scientists of the
U.S. Army using techniques of genetic engineering (6). AVANT
Immunotherapeutics Inc., a vaccine company from Massachusetts (USA),
has been awarded the license to market Peru-15 for commercial purposes
such as the development of a cholera vaccine entitled CholeraGrade TM
(7). The company has undergone an agreement with the International
Vaccine Institute (IVI) of South Korea and the ICDDR,B to conduct a
field trial in Bangladesh.

AVANT Immunotherapeutics Inc. maintains very close contact with the
U.S. Department of Defence as it has been working on several U.S.
defence department's projects aimed to provide better health care to
the U.S. Army personnel. To develop CholeraGradeTM as a traveller's
vaccine to be used predominantly by soldiers, has been one of the
goals of AVANT Immunotherapeutics Inc. This has been mentioned by the
company President Dr. Una Ryan, in her report to the U.S. House of
Representative's Biological Warfare Programs on October 23, 2001 (8).
Thus the ICDDR,B's research on Peru-15 demonstrates the use of
Bangladeshis as experimental guinea pigs for a product to be used by
the soldiers of the US Army. Has this information been disclosed by
the ICDDR,B to the people of Bangladesh? One wonders.

A research carried out covertly on Bangladeshis on behalf of a foreign
military constitutes violation of the national sovereignty of
Bangladesh. Bangladeshis have a right to demand full accountability
and transparency from the ICDDR,B regarding the ongoing vaccine
project Peru-15. Thus a detailed information on the parties involved
in this vaccine such as AVANT Immunotherapeitics Inc and its relation
to the U.S. Department of Defence, the role of the American directed
IVI of South Korea, objectives of the trial and rights of the vaccine
participants in the trial and future marketing of the vaccine.
Incidentally, Dr. John Clemens, Director of the IVI had previously
worked as an epidemiologist at the ICDDR,B and is a close associate of
the ICDDR,B's director Dr. David Sack. Both were deeply involved in
the unethical research related to the Swedish cholera vaccines
performed on the Bangladeshis. This would be discussed in detail in
section 3.

The ICDDR,B's collaboration with the Israel Defence Force
Collaborative activities among a group of scientists employed by the
Government of Sweden, the Swedish company SBL-Vaccin AB, members of
the Israel Defence Force and a number of the scientists from the
ICDDR,B have been going on for several years with a view to develop a
vaccine against diarrhoea caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
(ETEC) which Israel requires for its soldiers. This has been
documented in two scientific publications from USA and UK (9, 10). Dr.
Ann-Mari Svennerholm, a female scientist from Sweden's state-run
Gothenburg University, had been working for several years with the
Israel Defence Force. They had been testing the same ETEC-vaccine,
which Dr. Ann-Mari Svennerholm and her colleagues at the ICDDR,B had
been developing. Dr. Ann-Mari Svennerholm and her principal
Bangladeshi co-worker Dr. Firdausi Qadri had also tested the same lot
of the highly expensive ETEC vaccine (supplied by Sweden's SBL-Vaccin
AB) on the Bangladeshi citizens using them as human guinea pigs. These
activities unequivocally establish the close scientific collaboration
that is prevailing between the ICDDR,B and Israel via Sweden. The
Swedish scientists Dr. Ann-Mari Svennerholm, her husband Dr. Jan
Holmgren and a number of their subordinate employees from the
University of Gothenburg have been working at the ICDDR,B since 1979.
Their principal contact persons during all these years at the ICDDR,B
had been its present director Dr. David Sack, Dr. Firdausi Qadri, a
Bangladeshi citizen and Dr. John Albert, an Australian expatriate of
Indian origin who worked for ten years (1989-1999). The Swedish
scientists Drs. Holmgren and Svennerholm are deeply associated with
SBL-Vaccin AB. In the share holder's meeting on April 14, 2000,
SBL-Vaccin AB's President Mr. S. Andreasson disclosed that the company
had been trying the ETEC-vaccine on a large number of Israeli soldiers
(11). The ICDDR,B's director Dr. David Sack also works for this
company (5). How much activities are these Swedish scientists and
their ICDDR,B associates carrying out inside Bangladesh on behalf of
Israel is any body's guess.

The ICDDR,B collaborates with Sweden's Karolinska Institute, whose
vice-chancellor was also the chairman of SBL-Vaccin AB supplying
vaccines to the Israel Defence Force (9). Also, Karolinska Institute
has been maliciously engaged in slandering the Muslims (12). Israel
has extensive programmes in biological warfare and has reported to
have developed "ethnic" bullets selectively killing the Arabs (13). In
the 1980's the ICDDR,B violated the foreign policy of the Government
of Bangladesh and collaborated with the apartheid regime of South
Africa, which in turn had an extensive collaboration with Israel in
areas of biological warfare (14).

One wonders whether the ICDDR,B and the scientists of the Government
of Sweden working at the ICDDR,B have revealed their Israeli
connection to the Government of Bangladesh and have obtained official
permission from the Government of Bangladesh to carry out such
collaborative research ventures.

Developing vaccines for rich tourists and soldiers violating the human
rights of the poor
In 1985 the ICDDR,B had tried oral cholera vaccines on 90000 women and
children of Matlab, Bangladesh (15). The Government of Bangladesh had
permitted this trial, as it needed a cholera vaccine providing long
term immunity to the people of Bangladesh who suffer from cholera
(16). Two Swedish governmental scientists from Gothenburg University
(Dr. Jan Holmgren and his wife Ann-Mari Svennerholm) and two
expatriate scientists at the ICDDR,B (Drs. David Sack and John
Clemens) were primarily associated with the trial. The Swedish
Department of Defence had been intimately associated with the
diarrhoeal research of the Swedish scientists at the ICDDR,B by
providing money, materials and manpower (17, 18 ). The trial had
violated the Declaration of Helsinki concerning ethics in biomedical
research involving human subjects on a number of counts (19). Firstly,
no protocol to record side effects was maintained, even though the
trial participants had suffered and complained. Secondly, no proper
informed consent was taken from the trial participants. Thirdly, in
many cases coercive tactics were applied. Fourthly, pregnant women
were immunised and no pregnancy test was carried out. The vaccine,
administered by the neutralisation of gastric acid, had produced side
effects and even a death had been reported in the Bangladeshi press
(20). Finally, the vaccine consisting of a large number of killed
cholera cells and the B subunit of cholera toxin (BS-WC) cost several
dollars. It was extremely expensive and beyond the reach of the
Bangladeshis.

The protective efficacy of the oral cholera vaccine (WC-BS) was short
lived, only observed during the initial period of lean cholera
incidences and rapidly declined afterwards (21). It was practically
ineffective in children, the targeted population in heavily endemic
areas like Bangladesh. After monitoring for one year, it was found
that more children (3-6 years) in the WC-BS group got cholera than
those in other groups including the placebo (21).

The real objective of the trial was to develop a vaccine for soldiers
and tourists from rich countries who may require short-term protection
at any cost. Since 1990, the Government of Sweden had been making huge
profit by marketing this vaccine to soldiers and rich tourists through
its vaccine producing laboratory SBL-Vaccin AB. It is sold under the
trade names of "Dukoral" and "SBL cholera vaccine" at an enormous cost
of Swedish crowns 450 (app. USD 65-75, depending on the exchange
rate). The vaccine had been sold to the US Army for its soldiers in
its war against Iraq (22). Ironically the vaccine was tested in
Bangladesh for use by the poor! To market the vaccine, SBL-Vaccin AB
had stated in an information sheet in 1996 that the vaccine could be
used upon pregnant women, thus supporting the original unethical
intention of using Bangladeshi pregnant women for medical research. If
pregnant women were excluded from the trial, as written by Drs.
Holmgren, Svennerholm and their ICDDR,B associates in 1986 (15), then
how can it be stated in 1996 that the vaccine is safe for pregnant
women! In addition, the trial did not have any provisions for
recording side effects (23). The reality of the matter is that the
whole vaccine research was an exercise in fraud !

Exploitation of Bangladeshi women as experimental guinea pigs
Although cholera can affect both men and women, the trial had
predominantly selected females as vaccine recipients (15). All male
individuals above 15 years of age were excluded. No scientific
explanation of this sex bias has been provided by the Swedish
scientists and their ICDDR,B associates. However, Dr. Holmgren on a
programme on the Swedish National Radio justified the exclusive use of
the Bangladeshi women by stating that men were not available as they
work outside their homes (24). The Bangladeshi women are mostly
Muslims. They work at home and are easily accessible. So they can be
used to test vaccines. This is an excuse to exploit women when it is
convenient to do so because of their social and religious status. It
is worthwhile to point out that in the 1970's the Indian scientists
had carried out a cholera vaccine trial on a large number of
participants involving 101,030 volunteers of neighbouring West Bengal
(25). The Indian study did not display any sex bias as almost equal
number of men and women had participated. If the Indian scientists can
carry out an effective vaccine trial without exerting any sex bias,
why had the Swedish scientists and their American associates of the
ICDDR,B failed to do so? The answer lies in the racist attitude of the
Swedish scientists and their American associates of the ICDDR,B
towards the coloured women of Bangladesh. It has to be emphasised that
the poor women of Bangladesh are not born for testing highly expensive
western drugs and vaccines! Their dignity as human beings should be
recognised and respected as defined in the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights.

The trial and the protest
Protests against the trial had been launched in the press and on the
radio both in Sweden and in Bangladesh in the 1980's (20, 23, 24,
26-41). In January 1987, hundreds of leading academicians, politicians
and social activists of Bangladesh (including Mr. Mohammed Nasim, Home
Minister, The Government of Bangladesh, 1999-2000) had sent a protest
letter to the Swedish Prime Minister Mr. Ingvar Carlsson concerning
the use of Bangladeshis as experimental animals by Dr. Holmgren,
Ann-Mari Svennerholm and their ICDDR,B associates (Postal registration
no: 56179, Stockholm, Sweden; January 7, 1987).

Dr. Holmgren's accumulation of massive wealth through the cholera vaccine trial
Drs. Jan Holmgren and his wife Ann-Mari Svennerholm claim to be the
inventor of this vaccine Dukoral (42). Dr. Holmgren has illegally
obtained a patent on cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) of the vaccine
Dukoral, in a number of countries including Sweden and USA (The US
Patent # 5268276 dated Dec 7, 1993). He had concealed in his patent
application information on the financial support from WHO that he had
received for his work on CTB (43) . Besides he had applied as a
private person concealing his place of employment. He draws large sum
of money as royalty from the sale of the vaccine Dukoral that includes
CTB. On 29 June 1998 Dr. Holmgren had obtained for his CTB a cash of
Swedish crowns 25.6 million (appx. 3-4 million US dollars) and
agreement on a large number of future shares from the owner of the
Swedish company SBL Vaccin AB (44). But the vaccine Dukoral was
possible only because of the trial that was performed on 90,000 women
and children of Bangladesh. WHO and a number of governments such as
USA, Japan, Canada and Bangladesh had funded this vaccine trial. But
the Swedish vaccine producers (SBL-Vaccin and Active Biotech) had
denied this fact and instead had stated falsely that SBL "has financed
development and clinical testing without external assistance" (44).
Thus, the marketing of the vaccine Dukoral is illegal as it involves
cheating the financial donors such as WHO and several governments
(USA, Canada, Japan and Bangladesh) and 90 000 trial participants of
Bangladesh. Dr. Holmgren has been working as an "expert" in WHO's
programmes on diarrhoea and vaccines for several years. Dr. David Sack
of the ICDDR,B works for the Swedish company SBL Vaccin AB (5). Thus a
racketeering is going on in which the Swedish governmental and private
organisations (SBL-Vaccin AB), two Swedish governmental scientists
(Dr. Holmgren and wife Ann-Mari Svennerholm) and their ICDDR,B
associates (Drs. David Sack and John Clemens) had violated the human
rights of the poor people of Bangladesh. They had used them as
substitutes for laboratory animals to test highly expensive biological
materials with a view to make profits. Dr. Holmgren, Dr. Ann-Mari
Svennerholm and SBL-Vaccin AB must return all the ill-gotten money
they have made not only to the donors (WHO and several governments),
but also to 90 000 poor women and children of Bangladesh.

The ICDDR,B hijacks funds from donors to develop vaccines for soldiers
and rich tourists
The ICDDR,B had "hijacked" millions and millions of dollars from
donors such as WHO, the governments of Japan, Canada and USA (15) for
the development of a cholera vaccine for soldiers and rich tourists.
The tax payers of these countries had given money to the ICDDR,B so
that the poor people of Bangladesh do not suffer from the scourge of
diarrhoea. But the ICDDR,B had utilised that fund to satisfy the greed
of a few interested persons, who want to make money by exploiting the
poor under the slogan of "combating diarrhoea".

The ICDDR,B's Collaboration with the apartheid regime of South Africa
The ICDDR,B had carried out collaborative research on Vibrio cholerae
in the 1980's with the minority white apartheid regime of South
Africa, grossly violating the foreign policy of the government of
Bangladesh (14). Numerous articles protesting this collaborative
research had appeared in the Bangladeshi newspapers and magazines in
the 1980s (27-33, 35, 36). In 1998 the Truth and Reconciliation
Commission of the Republic of South Africa has confirmed that the
apartheid regime of South Africa had used Vibrio cholerae as an agent
of biological warfare against the majority black population of the
country (45). In January 1999 the BBC-World TV had shown a dramatic
film called "The Plague Wars" where these facts have been documented.
Why was a foreign expert in areas of bacteriological warfare (Dr.
P.C.B. Turnbull) from a well known biological weapons research centre
of the West invited by the ICDDR,B to come to Bangladesh? The ICDDR,B
had not given any satisfactory explanations on this matter (46). Is
the ICDDR,B carrying out bacteriological warfare or testing agents of
bacteriological warfare upon the people of Bangladesh?

The ICDDR,B spreads communal hatred between the Hindus and the Muslims
The American scientists (John Clemens and Roger I. Glass) of the
ICDDR, B had been engaged in spreading communal hatred by reporting
that the Hindus get more cholera and gastric diseases than the Muslims
(47, 48). How rigorous were these studies performed to make a
generalisation about the Hindus? Are these American scientists
professionally competent to assess great religions like Islam and
Hinduism? This is scientifically erroneous as cholera can kill all
people irrespective of their religions. This disease was highly
prevalent in Europe and America in the nineteenth century killing
thousands of the Christians.

Publication of useless and repetitious materials to "please" uncritical donors
Often repetitious and useless "research" papers lacking both novelty
and practical values are published in certain western journals where
the ICDDR,B has influence. Such useless publications only help to
promote scientific careers of the core members of the ICDDR,B who may
brag about their long list of publications as signs of
accomplishments. Also, uncritical donors can be impressed by such long
list of publications. Many publications are nothing but
"rediscoveries" like old wine in a new bottle. Ironically, as reported
in Bangladesh's largest circulating daily the Ittefaq, most
Bangladeshis do not know the difference between "diarrhoea and
cholera" (49).

Behind the claims for the development of "the oral rehydration therapy"
The ICDDR, B boasts itself of having developed "the oral rehydration
therapy". But it was just a "rediscovery" made in 1968 (50). The
original publication of "the oral rehydration therapy" was made by a
Bengali scientist Dr. Chatterjee of India fifteen years ago in 1953
(51). In a similar way, cholera toxin, which causes cholera, was
discovered by a Bengali scientist Dr. S. N. De of Kolkata (52). The
western scientists are very good in "muscling aside" scientists from
the developing countries by all means and do not hesitate to rob their
ideas and inventions.

Sheltering antique smugglers
The ICDDR,B and its predecessor CRL offer shelter to antique smugglers
who do not hesitate to plunder vast amount of the cultural heritage of
Bangladesh. The case of the American scientist David Nalin who had
smuggled objects from the Bangladeshi museums is well known and had
been reported in the Bangladeshi press such as the Bichitra in 1980.

The ICDDR,B: a threat to regional security
Finally, a word of caution has to be put forward. Many people of
Bangladesh have their relatives in neighbouring India and vice versa.
These people are naturally concerned about the health and welfare of
their close-ones on the other side of the border. Infectious diseases
can easily spread across the border. Therefore, the activities of a
foreign-dominated centre such as the ICDDR,B dealing with highly
pathogenic micro-organisms need to be monitored with great caution so
that Bangladesh can avoid diplomatic problems with her immediate
neighbour.

Under-developing Bangladeshi institutions
It is tragic that while the ICDDR,B squanders away millions and
millions of dollars, the Bangladeshi research centres have little fund
to function adequately. The pathetic plight of the Bangladeshi
scientific community was described by a person no other than the
eminent scientist Dr. Wajed Miah, the husband of the former Prime
Minister Sheikh Hasina in the Bangladeshi press in 1998. Recently, a
professor from Rajshahi University has appealed for help over the
Internet for the University's research activities from the
University's old students and teachers living abroad.

On the most effective means to combat diarrhoea
In 1988 the Bangladeshi members of the Standing Committee of the
ICDDR,B, after realising the dismal performance of the Swedish oral
vaccine, had expressed strong reservations. According to an article
published in Bangladesh, internationally reputed scientists such as
Professors Nurul Islam, Kamaluddin Ahmed and Major General M.R.
Chowdhury had questioned whether cholera can be effectively controlled
by vaccination (53). They commented, "Instead of vaccination, emphasis
should be placed on health and sanitary measures along with the supply
of pure drinking water. In this way cholera was eradicated from
Sanghai, The Peoples Republic of China. People believe that by taking
vaccine cholera is being eradicated. But the reality is different".

In this respect the opinion of a pioneering American cholera scientist
Professor R.A. Finkelstein on the Swedish oral vaccine is worth
citing. "As these dead oral cholera vaccines are expensive, difficult
to administer, insufficiently protective, and potentially
non-reproducible (they were constructed arbitrarily and there are no
bioassays that reliably predict efficacy), the reader should not come
away with the impression that they offer a solution to the cholera
problem in the Americas or elsewhere......oral rehydration therapy is
effective and relatively cheap. Intelligent epidemiological control
measures can help, but the best solution resides in providing safe
drinking water and sewage disposal. This can be an expensive
investment, but it is one that will also reduce the burden of other
diarrheal diseases, which, in some heavily afflicted areas, kill half
the children before they reach the age of five" (54).

All what has been described above are scientifically documented and
valid. About twenty five years ago National Professor Nurul Islam had
written a letter in the British medical journal Lancet expressing his
critical viewpoints behind the establishment of such a centre (55).
Time has proven the correctness of Professor Nurul Islam, the founder
of the IPGMR (now known as Bangabandhu Medical University). Do the
people of Bangladesh need a centre like the ICDDR,B working for the
interest of rich nations while collecting money using the name of the
poor?

References:

The Independent, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 3 January 2000
W. E. van Heyningen and J. R. Seal, Cholera: The American Scientific
Experience 1947-1980 Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado, USA, 1983, p
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ibid. p292
ibid p294
The Internet press release, Active Biotech/SBL Vaccin AB, Sweden, 29
March , 2000.
Kenner JR, Coster TS, Taylor DN, Trofa AF, Barrera-Oro M, Hyman T,
Adams JM, Beattie DT, Killeen KP, Spriggs DR, et al. 1995. Peru-15, an
improved live attenuated oral vaccine candidate for Vibrio cholerae
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Avant Immunotherapeutics Inc. USA, Business Wire, 20 January 2004.
The U.S. Congress, Subcommittee on National Security, Veterans Affairs
and International Affairs, Hearing on Biological Warfare Defense
Vaccine Research & Developmental Programs, 23 October 2001.
Cohen D, Orr N, Haim M, Ashkenazi S, Robin G, Green MS, Ephros M, Sela
T, Slepon R, Ashkenazi I, Taylor DN, Svennerholm AM, Eldad A, Shemer
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killed enterotoxigenic escherichia coli-cholera toxin B subunit
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Qadri F, Wenneras C, Ahmed F, Asaduzzaman M, Saha D, Albert MJ, Sack
RB, Svennerholm A. 2000. Safety and immunogenicity of an oral,
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Lindkvist, P. 1999. Risk factors for infection with Helicobacter
pylori. PhD Thesis,
Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Turnbull PC, Lee JV, Miliotis MD, Still CS, Isaacson M, Ahmad QS.
1985. In vitro and in vivo cholera toxin production by classical and
El Tor isolates of Vibrio cholerae. Journal of Clinical Microbiology,
21:884-90.
Clemens JD, Sack DA, Harris JR, Chakraborty J, Khan MR, Stanton BF,
Kay BA, Khan MU, Yunus M, Atkinson W, et al. 1986. Field trial of oral
cholera vaccines in Bangladesh. Lancet. 19;2(8499):124-7.
Holmgren J and Svennerholm AM. 1985. Vaccine development for control
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SAREC Report on Developmental Research in Sweden, (Editor: Cecilia
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WHO: Biomedical research: a revised code of ethics. WHO Cronicle 1976;
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One death many questions. The Weekly Ekota (Dhaka) 3 May 1985
Clemens JD, Harris JR, Sack DA, Chakraborty J, Ahmed F, Stanton BF,
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Pal SC, Deb BC, Sen Gupta PG, De SP, Sircar BK, Sen D, Sikdar SN.
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The Azad, Dhaka, Bangladesh; 13 September 1986
The Janata, Dhaka, Bangladesh; 13 September 1986
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Sweden) 21 Dec 1986.
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the ICDDR,B.The Dhaka Courier. 29 August 1986, p9-11.
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Black RE. 1982. Endemic cholera in rural Bangladesh, 1966-1980.
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The Ittefaq, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 13 September 1987.
Nalin DR, Cash RA, Islam R, Molla M, Phillips RA. 1968. Oral
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De SN. 1959. Enterotoxicity of bacteria-free culture-filtrate of
Vibrio cholerae. Nature 183(4674):1533-4.
The Sangbad, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 23 April ,1988.
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Bangladesh. The Lancet. p1208. ________________________________

Poor Indians

Here is an interesting piece of an article I got from another email. It may seem to good to be true these days but once it was the reality.

Danish Cruelty

I recently got an email about a strange practice of Danish people. It has a lot of images which pretty much speak for themselves. It also has some text serving as captions to some images. Here are they:

Denmark is a big shame.

The sea is stained in red and it’s not because of the climate effects of nature.

It's because of the cruelty that the human beings (civilized human) kill hundreds of the famous and intelligent Calderon dolphins.

This happens every year in Faroe island in Denmark . In this slaughter the main participants are young teens. WHY?
To show that they are adults and mature.

In this big celebration, nothing is missing for the fun. Everyone is participating in one way or the other, killing or looking at the cruelty “supporting like a spectator”.

Is it necessary to mention that the dolphin Calderon, like all the other species of dolphins, it’s near extinction and they get near men to play and interact. In a way of PURE friendship.

They don’t die instantly; they are cut 1, 2 or 3 times with thick hocks. And at that time the dolphins produce a grim extremely compatible with the cry of a new born child.

Take care of the world, it is your home!